Planning of Buildings (Pre-Construction Phase)
Planning involves setting project objectives and developing a roadmap to achieve them. Civil engineers collaborate with architects, surveyors, and clients.
Key Tasks:
Site Analysis: Soil testing, topography, environmental impact.
Feasibility Study: Cost estimation, zoning laws, land use.
Master Planning: Space utilization, utility layout, traffic flow.
Project Scheduling: Timeline using tools like Gantt charts or Primavera.
Regulatory Approvals: Obtaining permits and adhering to building codes.
Designing of Buildings (Architectural & Structural)
Design ensures the structure is safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing. It’s split into architectural and structural design.
Architectural Design:
Floor plans, elevations, sections.
Ventilation, lighting, and aesthetics.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) often used for 3D modeling.
Testing (Quality Control & Safety Verification)
Testing ensures that the building meets safety, strength, and durability standards.
Soil Testing:
Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT), etc.
Material Testing:
Concrete: Slump test, compressive strength test.
Steel: Tensile strength test, bend test.
Bricks/Blocks: Water absorption, compressive strength.
Planning of Buildings
Planning involves setting project objectives and developing a roadmap to achieve them.
Designing of Buildings
Design ensures the structure is safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing.
Testing
Testing ensures that the building meets safety, strength, and durability standards.